Oral History Interviews with Oscar R. Ewing   Attorney, Hughes, Hubbard & Ewing, New York, New York, and predecessor firms, 1919-1947; Assistant Chairman of the Democratic National Committee, 1940-42; Vice Chairman, 1942-47; Special Assistant to the U.S. Attorney General, 1942 and again in 1947; Acting Chairman of the Democratic National Committee, 1946; Administrator of the Federal Security Agency, 1947-53; and organizer and member of an unofficial political policy group during the Truman administration, 1947-52. Interview Transcripts April 29, 1969 | April 30, 1969 May 1, 1969 | May 2, 1969 [Notices and Restrictions | List of Subjects Discussed] NOTICE These are transcripts of tape-recorded interviews conducted for the Harry S. Truman Library. A draft of each transcript was edited by the interviewee but only minor emendations were made; therefore, the reader should remember that these are essentially transcripts of the spoken, rather than the written word. Numbers appearing in square brackets (ex. [45]) within the transcript indicate the pagination in the original, hardcopy version of the oral history interview See also: Oscar R. Ewing Papers RESTRICTIONS These oral history transcripts may be read, quoted from, cited, and reproduced for purposes of research. They may not be published in full except by permission of the Harry S. Truman Library. List of Subjects Discussed A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z A Acheson, Dean, 134, 355 Africa, 134 Aging, Conference on, 230-231 Agriculture, Department of, 199 Akron, Ohio, 122 Alaska, 246 Albany County, New York, 346, 353 Albany, New York, 351 Alcoa (Aluminum Company of America), 86-90, 115, 142, 239-240 Alexander, Paul, 24 Allen, George E., 164-165 Allenby, Edmund Henry, 276, 277 Altmeyer, Arthur, 174, 176, 187, 208, 209, 220-221 Aluminum Company of America (Alcoa), 86-90, 115, 142, 239-240 Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America , 194 American Broadcasting Corporation, 343 American Civil Liberties League, 32 American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations (AFL CIO), 191 American Legion, 74 American Medical Association (AMA), 173, 181, 184, 189, 192 , 197, 213, 217, 223, 251 attempts to raise money, 177-178 National Health Insurance, opposition to, 213-214, 223 Whitaker and Baxter, as public relations representatives; for, 225 American Patients Association, 193, 194 Anderson, Albert, 35-37 "Annals of North Carolina", 4 Anslinger, Harry, 61, 63, 66, 71, 72-73 Arkansas, 214 Arvey Jacob M., 226, 267, 330 Asheville, North Carolina, 93 Austin, Warren, 274, 275, 295 Austria, 154 B Baldwin, Roger, 32 Balfour Declaration, 275 Bangkok Conference, 68-73 Bangkok, Thailand, 68-69 Barkee, David Rankin, 244 Barkley, Alben, 168, 317, 319-320 Barnes, Vera, 101 Baruch, Bernard, 324 Truman, Harry S., relationship with, 313-315 Bath County, Kentucky, 3, 5, 6 Batt, William, Jr., 271-272, 273 Bell, David, 163, 306 Benson, Ezra Taft, 99 Benton, Elmer, 98 Berlin, Germany, 154 Bernadotte plan, 282, 283, 285, 286 Best, Robert, 152-153 Beta Theta Pi, 8 Biddle, Francis, 87, 93, 116, 149-150, 151, 152, 345 Biffle, Leslie, 168, 319-320 Biloxi, Mississippi, 340-341 Biltmore Hotel (NYC), 68, 84, 85, 91, 285-286, 287 Birkhead, Kenny, 272 Bismark, Otto Eduard Leopold Von, 175 Black Hills in South Dakota, 42 Blue Cross, 214 Blue Cross and Blue Shield, 215 Blue Sky Law, (North Carolina), 93 Bolsheviks, 38 Bombay, India, 356 Boone, Daniel, 4 Boone, Squire, 4 Boston, Massachusetts, 157, 158, 209 Boyle, Bill (William), 165-166 Brannan, Charles, 127, 132, 269 Bray, William J., 312 Brewster, Owen, 22 Brightman, Sam, 312 British Health Service, 222-223, 248, 338 Bronx, New York, 346 Brooks Brothers, 12 Brookville, Indiana, 6 Brown Shirts, 93 Bruce, Herbert, 123, 124 Bryan, William Jennings, 17 Budget, Bureau of, 232, 233 Bunche, Ralph, 282, 290 Bundy, Harvey, 70, 72 Bundy, McGeorge, 70 Bundy, William, 70 Bureau of the Budget, 232, 233 Bureau of Employment Security, 258 Burgoyne, John, 4 Burroughs, Danny, 123 Byrnes, James F., 103, 111-112 C Caldwell, John C., 61, 62, 65, 66 Bangkok Conference, efforts to stop his influence at, 68-73 California Medical Association, 179 Cambridge, Massachusetts, 11, 13 Camden, South Carolina, 4 Canada, 43 Canandaigua, New York, 370 Cancer Institute, 202 Capehart, Homer, 352 Carlton Hotel (Washington, D.C.), 142, 143 Carter, J. Franklin, 311 Castle, William, 71, 72 Cecil County, Maryland, 1, 2 Celanese Corporation, 365 .Chandler, Douglas, 148, 167, 345 background of, 154 prosecuted for treason, 148-162 Chapel Hill, North Carolina, 368-369, 370 Chapman, Oscar, 164, 270-271, 316 Charleston, South Carolina, 4 Chester County, Pennsylvania, 3 Chicago, Illinois, 110, 122, 266 Child and Maternal Welfare Section of the Federal Security Agency, 341 "Children's Act of 1949", 232 Children's Bureau, 243-244 China, 67 Korea, intervention in, 342-344 Choate Club, 12 Cincinnati, Ohio, 5, 6 Civil Rights, 274, 309, 321 Truman, Harry S., and, 132-134 Civil Rights Commission, 132, 321 Civil Rights Plank, in the Democratic convention platform of 1948, 303-304 Clapper, Ray(mond), 76 Clark, Ramsey, 116 Clark, Tom, 116, 147-148, 151, 164 Clifford, Clark, 119, 127, 140, 141, 143-144, 305, 306, 310, 313, 316, 351 Ewing, Oscar, attends meetings at the apartment of, 129, 131, 132 Israel, problems involved with, 283, 285-295 Cohen, Wilbur, 187, 220, 337, 354 Commissioner of Indian Affairs, 42 Committee for the Nation's Health, 175, 217 Confederate Army, 18 Congress, 269, 326 Eightieth, recall of, 313 Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), 191 Congressional election of 1946, 119, 120 Congressional Record, 23 Connelly, Matthew, 119, 129-130, 330, 331, 332, 339, 348 Connorton, John, 216-217 Comptroller General of the United States, 356 Cornell University, 46 Corning, Erastus, 351, 353 Cotton, Joseph P., 61 Cowpens, South Carolina, 5 Coy, Wayne, 74, 80, 90 Cravath and Henderson, 34 Cruikshank, Nelson, 191, 221, 222 Current Biography, 256 Custer, George, 42, 43 D Daniels, Jonathan, 311 Daughters of the American Revolution, 214 Davidson, C. Girard, 127 Davies, Joseph E., 350 Davis, Arthur V., 88, 91 Davis, Michael, 219 Dead Sea, 281 Decatur County, Indiana, 3, 5, 6, 13-14 Deleveyne, Malcolm, 59, 62 Delhi, India, 355 Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party, 99, 102 Democratic National Committee, 91, 92, 95, 97-98, 115, 117, 120, 121, 122, 124, 125, 128, 145, 165, 167, 266, 271-273, 312, 314, 316, 329, 362 Ewing, Oscar, assistant chairperson, of: Appointed, 81-82, 95, 98 resigns from, 90, 91, 97-98 work as, 26, 84, 90, 128 headquarters of , 84-85 Democratic National Convention, 1904, 18 Democratic National Convention, 1944, 102 Mississippi delegation, 105 South Carolina delegation, 104 Truman, Harry S.; Attempts to nominate him for Vice President, 105-107 Vice President, contenders for the nomination at, 104, 105-107, 108-113 Democratic National Convention, 1948, 302-304 Civil rights plank at, 303-304 Democratic Convention, 1952, 352-353 Democratic Political Strategy Board, 268, 271 Dennis, Helen E., 29 Dennis, Jim, (James), 12 Dental Institute, 202 Depew, Chauncey, 55 Des Moines, Iowa, 234 Detroit, Michigan, 122, 124 Dewey, Thomas E., 77, 273, 274, 326, 328, 347 Dexter, Iowa, 268 Dingell, John, 196 Disalle, Mike, 23 Dixiecrats, 327 "Dr. Fishbein’s Diary", 221, 222 Douglas, David, 5 Douglas, William O., 103, 110, 317, 318-319 Dubinsky, David, 212 Duke UniversityHospital, 200 Durham County, North Carolina, 367 E Early, Stephen, 117, 118, 121-122 Education, Office of , 245 library of, attempts to move the, 233-234 Edelman, John, 192 Edwards, India, 334-335 Elder, Bowman, 75 Egypt, 281, 339 Eightieth Congress, 269, 313, 326 Eisenhower, Dwight D., 81, 358 Truman, Harry S., relationship, 300-301 Elliott, Martha, 244 Elsey, George M., 163, 305 Employment Security, Bureau of, 258 Epstein, William, 290 "Equal Chance for Health", 211 Equitable Building (NYC), 64 Ewing, Andrew Jackson, 373 Ewing, George M, 1, 370 Ewing, James, 10 Ewing, Jane McClellan, 2, 3 Ewing, Joshua, 1-2 Ewing, Lydia Morgan, 3, 4, 5 Ewing, Nathaniel, 2 Ewing, Patrick, 2, 3, 5 Ewing, Putnam, 2, 3 Ewing, William, 1 Ewing, Oscar, 182, 239, 240 Aluminum Company of America, does the legal work for, 86-90, 91 Army, joins, 29-30, 32-33 background of, 1-7 Bangkok Conference, stops the influence of John C. Caldwell at, 63-73 Bryan, William Jennings, gives speech for, 17 Caldwell, John C., stops his influence at the Bangkok Conference, 68-73 Chandler, Douglas, prosecuted for treason, 148-162 Democratic County Committee in Decatur County, elected secretary of, 18-19 Democratic National Committee, as Vice Chairman of: appointed, 81-82, 95, 98 resigns, 90-91, 97-98 works as, 26, 84, 90, 128 Dennis, Helen E., marries, 29 family background of, 1-7 Federal Security Administrator, 23, 25, 27, 118, 145-146, 147-148, 167, 168, 172 fluoridation of water, a discussion of the opposition to, 237-243 Flynn, Ed, failure to support for Governor of New York , 345-348 Harvard Law School, attends, 10-15, 20, 22, 27 Hillman, Sidney, awarded the meritorious public service award named in honor of, 360 Hughes, Charles Evans, Sr., relationship with, 51-54 Hughes, Schurman and Dwight, cases handled as a lawyer for: a discussion of , 35-45 Kruger, Ivan case, 37-41 Sioux Indians vs. the U. S. Government , 41-45 Indiana Bar, admitted to, 13 Indiana University, attends, 8-9, 10, 11, 20-21 Israel: a discussion of the problems involved in the recognition of, 274-300 visits, 338-339 Kruger, Ivan, handles law case for, 37-41 Law School, attends Harvard, 10-15, 20, 22, 27 McNutt, Paul, supports as a candidate for the Democratic nomination for President, 74-77, 78-79 Meetings held at the apartment of, 131, 135-137, 139-140, 142-143, 163-164 civil rights recommendations made at, 132-134 function of, 137-138 memorandum of November 19, 1947, 140-142 people attending, 127, 129, 130-131 reasons for creating 119-127 topics discussed, 143 Minnesota,negotiating political divisions in, 98-103 Murray, Philip, receives award in honor of, 360 naming of, (nickname "Jack"), 372-373 narcotics conference in Geneva, Switzerland, efforts to achieve international controls at, 57-66 national health insurance, a discussion of, 173-198 National Urban League, speech to, 309 New York: desire to move to, 33-34 Governor of, mentioned as a possible candidate for, 331-332, 344-348 Pelley, William Dudley, prosecution for Sedition, 93-98 philosophy, as a student of, 9-10 Pittsburg, moved to, 29 Presidential campaign, 1944, activities during, 114 Presidential campaign, 1948, serves on committee to nominate individuals for the office of Vice President, 316-319 Presidential campaign, 1952, suggested for nomination in, 349-352 probation officer of the Juvenile Court, does voluntary work for in Indianapolis, 30-32 prosecuting attorney, asked to be, 14, 19 research triangle, discusses the origins of, 364-369 St. Louis, Missouri, moves to, 29 Studebaker, John W. made charges against, 236-237 Taft, Robert, relationship with , 22-26, 27 Thayer, Ezra Ripley, relationship, 13, 14-16 trips abroad, 337-338, 354-356 Truman, Harry S.: cabinet meetings of, attends, 356-368 convinced of the re election of , 333-334 efforts to stop opposition to, by Democrats during the 1948 Presidential election, 266-268 letter to, 358-360 University of Iowa Law School, teaches at, 27 Whitcomb, Dowden, and Stout, clerks for, 28 Ewing, Mrs. Oscar (Helen), 52, 68, 91, 118, 135, 199-200, 201, 338, 369, 370 Executive Order 9980, 321-323 Executive Order 9981, 321-323 F Farley, James, 82, 83 Falk, Isadore, 183, 220 Farmer's issues in the 1948 election, 269-270 Federal Aid to Education, 243 Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), 96, 151 Federal Fair Employment Committee, 321-323 Federa1 Food and Drug Administration, 199, 233 Federal Security Administrator, 23, 25, 27, 118, 132, 145-146, 147-148, 161, 167, 168, 172, 179, 192, 194, 229, 238, 314, 345, 358, 359 Federal Security Agency, 128, 129, 142, 147, 167, 168, 177, 183, 196, 198, 229, 232, 234, 244, 246, 250, 280, 308, 341, 355 bureaus of , 199, 208-209 Finance Committee of the Senate, 361 First International Opium Conference at The Hague, 1911, 67 Fishbein, Morris, 185, 189, 191, 221, 222-223 Florida, 120, 339 Fluoridation of water, opposition to, 237-243 Flynn, Ed, 82, 83-84, 92, 98, 121-122, 145, 331 Ewing, Oscar, fails to support for Governor of New York, 345-348 Food and Drug Administration, 199, 233 Forand, Aimee, 193, 195, 196, 224 Foreign Ministers Conference in Paris, (Oct. 1948), 283 Forrestal, James, 133, 134, 135, 357 The Forrestal Diaries, 357 France, 58 Freedman's Hospital, 251 Freeman, Orville, 100 G Gallinger Hospital, Negro doctors at, 250-257 Gallup poll, 334 Garrison, Lloyd, 340 Gates, Horatio, 4 Geneva, Switzerland, 244 Narcotics Control Conference held in, 57-66, 67, 71 George VI, 248 George Washington University Medical School, 252 Georgetown University Medical School, 252, 253-254 Georgia, 350 Germany, 46, 55, 58, 156, 158, 160, 175 Goebbels, Josef, 155, 160 Gorman, 180-181, 182-183, 230 Graham, Wallace, 208, 210 Grand Central Station, 124 Great Britain 48, 69, 71, 72, 86, 87, 276, 278-279, 297 Health Service of, 222-223, 248, 338 Great Sioux Reservation, 42 Green, Constance, 256-257 Greene, Nathaniel, 5 Greensburg, Indiana, 1, 5, 7, 10, 13, 18, 19, 33, 34, 262 Gross, H. R., 354, 356 H The Hague, 67 Hague, Frank, 114, 266, 267, 268 Hannegan, Robert E., 103, 104, 105, 107, 120, 145, 148, 164, 167 Democratic National Convention, 1944, involvement at, 108-111 Harlem, New York, 122, 123, 127, 137 Harper, Fowler, 74-75 Harriman, Averell, 350 Harvard, 10-15, 20, 22, 27, 69, 70, 371 Harvard Law Review, 22, 69, 70 Hassett, William, 210 Health Conference, 179 Health, Education arid Security, Department of, proposed, 173 Health, Education, and Welfare Department, 209 Health Information Foundation, 186 Health Institute, 202 Hearst newspaper chain, 71, 72, 86 Hearst, William Randolph, Jr., 217, 218-219, 220-221, 264 Henderson, Loy, 296 Hercules Corporation, 365, 367 Hill Burton Hospital Construction Act, 197-198, 216 Hilleboe, Herman E., 242 Hillman, Sidney, 110, 111, 212, 240 Hitler, 93, 94, 155, 175 Hoeber, Johannes, 272 Hobby, Oveta Culp, 192, 358 Hoover, Herbert, 62, 71, 72 Hopkins, Harry, 80, 88, 89, 90 House Appropriations Committee, 214 House Banking Committee, 83 House Ways and Means Committee, 361 Howard University, efforts to train more Negro doctors, 250-257 Hughes, Charles Evans, Sr., 34, 35-37, 44, 46, 87, 171 Ewing, Oscar, relationship, 51-54 raconteur, as a, 54 Hughes, Charles Evans, Jr., 22, 26 Hughes, Hubbard and Ewing, 26, 87, 118, 239 Hughes, Rounds, Schurman and Dwight, 52 Hughes, Shurman; and Dwight, 34-35, 46 Humphrey, Hubert, 100, 269-270, 303, 304 I Ickes, Harold, 87, 235 Immigration, Commissioner of, 146 Inchon, Korea, 342 Independence, Missouri, 361 India, 278 Indian Affairs, Commissioner of, 42 Indian Claims Commission, 45-46 Indiana, 95-101 welfare records, inspection for the state of, 259-261, 262-263 Indiana University, 8-9, 10, 11, 20-21 Indianapolis, Indiana, 28, 30, 33, 34, 35, 36, 74, 93, 94, 96, 149 Indianapolis News, 260, 261 Indianapolis Star, 260, 261 Interior Department, 44, 199, 234, 235 Internal Revenue, Bureau of, 241 International Business Machines, 365, 366 International Opium Conference, of.1911, 67 International Refugee Organization, 264 Iowa, 354 Israel, 328, 338 recognition of the problems involved in, 274-300 Istanbul, Turkey, 358 Italy, 58, 134-135 J Jackson, Andrew, 17 Jackson, Clarence, 74 Jackson, Samuel, 112 Japan, 58, 64, 65 Jenner, William, 261, 262 Jersey City, New Jersey, 117 Jewett, Charles, 28 Jewish Agency for Palestine, 280, 299 Jewish vote in the 1948 Presidential election, 328 Johnson, Louis, 323-324 Johnson, Lyndon, 116, 361, 364, 372 Johnson, Mordecai, 251, 257 Jordan, 277 Justice, Department of, 94, 96, 155, 214 K Kaiser, Henry, 103 Keene, New Hampshire, 369 Kefauver, Estes, 350 Kelm, Elmer, 99, 100 Kem, Jim, 22 Kempner, Walker, 200-203 Kennedy, John F., 363 Kerr, Robert, 196, 197, 350, 351 Keyserling, Leon, 127 Kheel, Theodore, 346 Kingsley, J. Donald, 119, 127-129, 130, 180, 245, 264, 336 Kingsley letter, 127-128 Kingston, New York, 238, 240, 242 Kirchwey, Freda, 283, 288, 292 Klots, Allen, 69-70, 72 Korean War, 341-344 Krock, Arthur, 140 Kruger, Ivar, 37-41, 47, 51 Kruger and Toll, 38 L Labor, Department of, 209, 258 Ladies Home Journal, 11 La Guardia, Fiorello, 124-125, 126 Landon, Alf, 77 Lasker, Albert, 227, 276, 293 Lasker, Mary, 227, 228-229, 230 Laski, Harold J., 240 Lawrence, Dave, 113 Lawrence, William (Bill), 343 League of Nations, 59, 275, 279 Lebanon, 277 Lenroot, Katherine, 244 Lewis, John L., 35, 36 Lindbergh, Charles, 97 Little Big Horn River, 43 Lloyd, David, 163, 305 London, England, 71 London Health Conference 1948, 248 Londonderry, Ireland, 1 Los Angeles, California, 181 Lovett, Robert A., 288, 291 Lowenthal, Max, 276, 297 Lynch, Walter, 346, 347 M Mac Arthur, Douglas and the Korean War, 342-344 McCarthy, Joseph, 236 McClellan, George B., 2, 3 McClellan) Jane, 2 McCormick, John, 138 McDonald., James G., 338 McGrath, J. Howard, 245-246, 266, 267, 271, 315, 316, 329 McHale, Frank, 74, 75 McIntire, Ross, 117, 118 McNutt, Paul, 21, 82, 146, 246-247, 371 Federal Security Administrator, as, 79-80 Philippines: Ambassador to, Appointed, 81 High Commissioner of, Appointed, 80 President, as a candidate for the Democratic nomination, 74-77, 78-79 Madison Square Garden, 117, 285, 287 Magnuson Committee, 230 Magnuson, Paul, 227, 229, 230 Maine, 333-334 Mallinckrodt Chemical Works of St. Louis, 57 Manchuria, 342 Marseilles, France, 71 Marshall, George, 280, 295, 296 Israel, involvement in the recognition of, 283-299 Martin, Joe, 78 Meany, George, 213 Medical Society of Muncie, Indiana, 248 Medicare, 193, 194, 196, 224, 361 Meir, Golda, 338 Memorandum of November 19, 1947, 140-142 Merck and Company, Inc, 57 Michelson, Charlie, 85-86, 122 Miller, A. L., 239, 240 Miller, Watson, 146-147, 149 Minnesota, political division in, 98-101, 102-103 Mississippi, 340 Democratic National Convention, the Delegation to, 105 Missouri, 92, 169 Morgan, Daniel, 4-5 Morgan, David, 3 Morgan, Edward, 3 Morgan, Lydia, 3, 45 Morgan, Sarah, 4 Morristown, New Jersey, 12, 29 Morse, David, 127 Muncie, Indiana, 248 Murphy, Charles, 140, 306 Murray, Philip, 196, 213, 360 N Narcotics Control Convention held in Geneva, Switzerland, 57-66, 67, 71 The Nation, 283 National City Bank, 39 National Health Assembly, 188-190, 197, 198, 227 report of, 210-212 National Health Insurance, 211, 229, 232, 233, 345-346, 350, 352, 363 American Medical Association, opposition to, 223 backers and opponents, 212-213 discussion of, 173-198 Germany, in, 175-180 pilot plan for, 220-221 sixty-five and over plan, 215, 216, 220-221, 225, 226 National Institute of Health, 200 National Military Establishment, 357 National Physicians Committee, 184-186, 224-225 National Press Club, 339 National Public Health Nursing Week, 210 National Urban League, 308-309 Nations Health, Committee for, 175, 217 Negev, Israel, 280, 281, 290 Negro doctors, shortages of, 250-258 Negro vote, 304 Newburgh, New York, 238, 240, 242 New Jersey, 266 New York, 12, 33, 34, 64, 75, 84, 85, 87, 115, 117, 119, 120, 122, 124, 134, 135, 142, 241, 248, 285, 289, 291, 294, 327, 328, 331, 340, 369 New York City Municipal Hospitals, 216-217 New York Institute of Clinical Oral Pathology, 242 New York Quinine and Chemical Company, 57 New York Times, 309, 343 Niles, David, 124-125, 276, 297 Noblesville, Indiana, 93, 96 Non-political trip of June 1948, 268-269 North Carolina, 93, 363, 365, 366-367 North Carolina State University at Raleigh, 365 Norris-La Guardia Committee, 124 Nouveau Circ Club, 47 Noyes, David, 165, 311-312 O O'Brien, Lawrence F., 364 O' Connell, Dan, 346, 351 Ohio River, 6 Oklahoma, 180, 197, 350 Opium Control Board, 60, 62 Orange County, North Carolina, 367 Oxford, Ohio, 8 P Pakistan, 278 Palestine, problems involved in the recognition of the State of Israel, 274-300 Palmer House, Chicago, IL, 111 Paris, France, 47, 156, 282, 288 Parker, Alton B., 18 Parran, Thomas, 198, 199, 200-203, 204, 205, 209, 210, 231 Pauley, Edwin W., 104, 106, 107, 323-324, 348 Truman, relationship, 106 Pearson, Drew, 240 Pelley, William Dudley, 149, 150, 162, 345 prosecuted for sedition, 93-98 Pennsylvania Lines West, 29 Pennsylvania Station, 120 Pershing, John J., 55-56 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 3, 122 Philippines, 80, 246 Phillips, Cabell, 17, 140, 300 Pink, Louis, 215, 220 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 29, 88, 113, 122, 154, 204 Poletti, Charley, 135 Policy Strategy Board, 273, 274, 305 Porter, Cole, 371, 372 Portugal, 69 Postmaster General of the United States, 115, 145 Potofsky, Jacob, 194 Potomac River, 156, 157 Powder River, 43 Presidential campaign, 1944, 114 Presidential campaign, 1948: Democratic National Committee, 271-273 Jewish vote, 328 press and, 325-326 Truman, Harry S.: campaigner, as a, 304-305 Chapman, Oscar, as advance man for, 270-271 Democratic opposition, efforts to stop, 266-268 non-political trip of, June 1948, 268-269 Vice President, committee formed to nominate individuals for the office of, 316-319 voting, the impact of special interest groups, 320-321 Presidential Reorganization Plan Number 2 of 1949, 258 President's Commission on the Health needs of the Nation, Creation of, 227-230 President's Committee on Equality of Treatment and Opportunity in the Armed Services, 322-323 Press, 325-326 Prudential Insurance Company, 28 Public Health Agency, 177 Public Health Service, 198, 199, 200-202, 206, 228, 231, 238, 364, 365 Pulliam, Eugene, newspaper chain of, 260, 261, 262 R Radio Berlin, 154, 155, 160 Radio East, 155 Radio North America, 155 Radio Southeast, 155 Raleigh, North Carolina, 367 Randall Hall, 11 Rayburn, Sam, 138 Redding, Jack, 330 Reed, Daniel A., 248, 249 Rehovoth, Israel, 338 Requa, Mark, 71, 72 Research division of the Democratic National Committee, 271-273 Research Triangle, 364-369 Resolutions Committee of Democratic National Convention, 1948, 302, 303-304 Rhode Island, 266 Richards, A. L., 44 Richmond, Virginia, 309 Ridgway, Matthew, 344 Riverdale Country School, 363 Riverdale, New York, 363 Robins, R.B., 197, 214, 215 Rockefellar, Nelson, 196 Rochester, New York, 346 Rome, Italy, 96, 338 Roosevelt, Eleanor, 117, 174-175, 176, 235, 266, 357 Roosevelt, Franklin, 73, 74, 79, 81, 82, 88, 89, 93, 99, 102, 119, 120, 121-122, 124, 127, 137, 145, 187, 199, 231, 233, 266, 299, 311,323, 350 death of, 171-172 Democratic National Convention, the contenders for the Vice Presidential nomination, 109-112 health of, 116-118 National Health Insurance, and, 173-175 Roosevelt, Franklin, Jr., 266 Roosevelt, James, 176, 266 Roosevelt, Kermit, 56 Roosevelt, Quentin, 56 Roosevelt, Theodore, 55-56 Root, Elihu, 55, 56 Rosenman, Samuel, 297, 310, 313, 362 Ross, Irwin, 140 Ross, Jeanette, 7 Royall, Kenneth, 133-134, 300, 301 Rusk, Dean, 296 Russell, Richard, 350 S Saint Louis, Missouri, 18, 29, 30, 32, 57 Saint Petersburg, Russia, 38, 39 San Diego, California, 109, 237 San Francisco, California1, 179, 369 Saratoga, New York, 4 Saturday Evening Post, 11 Saudi Arabia, 277 Savarin Lunch Counter, 64 Sawyer, Charles, 166 Scarsdale, New York, 290 Scheele, Leonard, 198, 203-204, 264-265 Public Health Service under the direction of, 208 Schurman, George W., 46 Schurman, Jacob Gould, 46 The Secret City, Civil Rights in the Nation's Capitol, 256 Senate Finance Committee, 23, 25, 361 Senior Citizen's Council of America, 192, 195, 224, 372 Shainmark, E. L., 263-264 Sharrett, Moshe S., 338 Sheffield, James, 55 Sherman, Carl, 291 Shultz, Lillie, 283, 285, 286, 288, 290-291, 292 Sicily, 134 Silver Shirts, 93, 97 Sioux Indians, case against the U.S. Government, 41-45 Sitting Bull, 43 Sixty-five and over plan (National Health Insurance), 215, 216, 220-221, 225, 226 Smith, Alexander, 221 Snyder, John, 164, 166, 310 Social Security, 173-174, 196 Social Security Act of 1950, 249-250 Social Security Administration, 174, 199, 208, 209, 259 Socialized Medicine, origin of the term, 181-182 Southeast Asia, 355 Stark, Lloyd, 92, 105, 107 State Department, 61, 71, 276, 279, 288, 296, 355 Steelman, John R., 139, 148, 149, 328 Stevens, Harold, 22 Stevens Hotel, 105 Stevenson, Adlai, 2, 137, 349, 351, 353, 362 Stimson, Henry L., 69, 70, 72 Stirling Castle, Scotland, 1 Stone, Harlan Fiske, 170-171 Strategy Policy Board, 273, 274, 305 Studebaker, John W., 233, 244, 245 attempts to fire, 234-236 Ewing, Oscar, makes charges against, 236-237 Suez Canal, 71 Sullivan, Gael, 329 Sullivan, John, 133 Supreme Court of the United States, 116, 318 Sweden, 281 Swedish Health Service, 338 Switzerland, 338 Symington, Stuart, 133 Syria, 277 T Taft-Hartley Act, 138-139, 143, 320 Taft, Robert, 77 Ewing, Oscar, relationship with , 22-26, 27 Taft, William H., 28, 67 Tarleton, Banastre, 5 Tennessee, 350 Texas, 164 Thayer, Ezra Ripley, 13, 14-16 loan fund set up in honor of, 16 Thayer, Mrs. Ezra Ripley, 15-16 Thurmond, Strom, 327 Thurston, John, 336 Tibbitts, Clark, 230, 231 Tokyo, Japan, 355 "Town Meeting of the Air", 221, 223 Trans-Jordan, 281 Treasury Department, 199 Truman, Harry S., 22, 81, 91-92, 115, 131-132, 137, 138, 142, 144, 146, 147, 179, 182, 186, 187, 192-193, 203, 232, 235, 243, 248, 265, 302, 325, 326, 330, 339, 349, 358, 361-362 advisors to, 164-168 Baruch, Bernard, relationship, 313-315 cabinet meetings of, 356-357 Chapman, Oscar, as advance man for, 270-271 civil rights, and, 132-133, 303-304 Democratic Convention, 1944, Vice Presidential nomination: contenders for, 109, 110, 113 reaction to attempts to nominate him, 105-107 Eightieth Congress, recall of, 313 Eisenhower, Dwight D., relationship with, 300-301 Ewing, Oscar: letter from, 358-360 Presidential election, 1948: convinced of the re-election of, 333-334 efforts to stop opposition to, from Democrats, 266-268 Federal Security Administration, desire to make it a Government department, 172-173 health care of the nation, concerns for, 225-226, 227, 228, 229 initial public reaction to, 119-120 Israel, problems involved in the recognition of , 276-299 Jewish vote, and, 329-330 Korean War, and, 341, 342-344 Pauley, Edwin W., relationship, 106 political friends of, 169-170 President, first becomes at the death of Franklin Roosevelt, 172 Presidential election campaign, 1948: campaigner, as a, 304-305 Chapman, Oscar, as advance man for, 270-271 Non-political trip of June 1948, 268-269 Presidential election 1952, decision not to run, 353-354 speechwriting for, 305-308, 309 Vinson, Frederick M., appointed to the Supreme Court, 171 Truman, Mrs. Harry S. (Bess), 362 Truman Committee, 91, 105 The Truman Presidency, 300 Tunnell, James M., 105-106 Turkey, 275 Twenty-second Amendment, 80-81 U Unemployment Insurance, Office of, 209 Union League Club, 55 Union of Soviet Social Republics, 240 Unitarian Fellowship for Social Justice, 257 United Mine Workers, 35, 36 United States Circuit Court of the District of Columbia, 22 United States Employment Service, 258 United States Government, law case against the Sioux Indians, 41-45 Universal Military Training, 357 University Club (NYC), 75-76 University of Iowa, Law School, 27 University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 365 University of Pittsburgh, 205 United Nations, 276, 278, 279, 280, 281, 295, 300 United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration, 135 V Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, 2 Vaughan, Harry, 170 Vinson, Frederick M., 164, 171, 316 Vice President, 1944, contenders for the nomination, 108-113 Vice President, 1948, committee formed to select the Democratic nominee, 317-319 W Wagner-Murray-Dingell Bill, 186-188 Wake County, North Carolina, 367 Walker, Frank, 99 Wallace, Henry, 79, 103, 106, 327, 329 Democratic nomination for Vice President, 1944, considered for the nomination, 109-112 War Production Board, 240 Wardman Park Hotel (Washington, D.C.), 282-285 Warren, Earl, 178, 181 Washington, D.C., 61, 62, 63, 90, 91, 118, 120, 142, 143, 151, 156, 157, 158, 165, 250, 252, 256, 261, 288, 291, 356, 358, 364, 365 Washington Square (New York City), 117 Ways and Means Committee of the House, 361 Weizmann, Chaim, 295, 338-339 Welfare records, inspection of, 258-261, 262-263 West Galilee, 280 Western College, 7 Westmoreland Field (Boston, Massachusetts), 157 Whitcomb, Dowden, and Stout, 28, 34 White House, 282, 285, 352 White and Case, 34 Whitaker and Baxter, 179, 181, 213, 214, 224 Whitaker, Clem, 179, 181 William the Conqueror, 277 Willkie, Wendell, 21, 74, 76-78 Wilson, I.W., 88 Wilson, Woodrow, 35, 55, 275 World Health Organization, 244 World War I , 275, 277 World War II, 278 World's Fair at St. Louis, 18 Wright, Fielding, 340-341 Wright, Dr. Hamilton, 67 Wright, Mrs. Hamilton, 67, 68-69 Wyle, Carl, 28 Wyle, Jewett, and Ewing, 28 Y Yale, 20 Yale Law School, 28 Yalta, 117, 118 Yalu River, 342 Young, Sanborn, 61-62, 71 [Top of the Page | Notices and Restrictions | List of Subjects Discussed] For questions, e-mail truman.reference@nara.gov Return to Truman Library Oral History Finding Aid Return to Archival Reference at the Truman Library

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